Zero-Knowledge
What Zero-Knowledge Proofs Actually Prove
A plain-language walkthrough of completeness, soundness, and zero-knowledge — the three properties every ZK protocol has to satisfy, with no hand-waving.
THE BLOG
Notes from the proof side of cryptography.
Explainers, project write-ups, and field notes on zero-knowledge, the math underneath it, and what's shipping across the ecosystem.
Math
Modular Arithmetic: The Clock Math Behind Every ZK Circuit
Why every cryptographic protocol you'll ever touch secretly runs on clock arithmetic, and how to build the intuition that makes it click.
Cryptography
Hash Functions, Demystified
SHA-256, Poseidon, and why ZK-friendly hashing is a different design problem entirely — a tour of what makes a hash function 'circuit-friendly.'
ZK Development
Debugging a Circuit That Won't Verify
A field guide to the most common reasons a correct-looking circuit fails verification, from witness mismatches to constraint typos.
ZK Development
Groth16 vs PLONK vs STARKs: Choosing a Proving System in 2026
Proof size, prover time, trusted setup requirements, and tooling maturity compared head-to-head for teams shipping production ZK today.
Zero-Knowledge
Trusted Setups, Explained Without the Hand-Waving
What a ceremony actually produces, why it matters, and how transparent setups like STARKs sidestep the problem entirely.
Post-Quantum Cryptography
Lattice-Based Cryptography: A Gentle On-Ramp
The shortest-vector problem, why quantum computers don't break it, and how lattices are becoming the backbone of post-quantum standards.
News/Ecosystem
This Month in ZK: Ecosystem Roundup
New proving system releases, protocol upgrades, and the research papers worth your weekend reading time.
Formal Verification
Formally Verifying a zkSNARK Circuit, Step by Step
Using proof assistants to mechanically check that a circuit's constraints really do encode the statement you think they encode.
Math
Elliptic Curves Without the Trauma
Point addition, scalar multiplication, and the discrete log problem — built up visually, one picture at a time.
Post-Quantum Cryptography
NIST's Post-Quantum Standards: What Changes for Developers
ML-KEM, ML-DSA, and SLH-DSA are now standardized — here's what migrating a real system actually involves.
Formal Verification
Why 'Formally Verified' Doesn't Always Mean Bug-Free
A proof assistant checks your spec against your code — it can't check that your spec means what you think it means.
No posts in this category yet.